Crossing intersection



July 5 192@o G. R. Hml

CROSSING INTERSEGTIUN Filed March 19, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet l inventor @1p1/,511?) July 6 1926. 1,591,706

I G. R. HANKS I CROSSING INTERSBCTION Filed March 19, 19.26 5 Sheets-Sheet` 2 July 6, 1926. I- 1,591,706

G. R; HANKS l CROSSING 'INTEHsEcTlioN Filed' March 19, 192e 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 auozmaj July 6 1926.

G. R* HANKS CROSSING NTERSECTIoN Filed March 19, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 4- July 6 1926.

G. Ft. HANKS CROSSING IVNTERSEGTION 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented `luly 6, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE R. I-IANKS, OF CLINTON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO WILLIAM WHARTON, JR. & COMPANY, INCORPORATED, 0F EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

CROSSING INTERSECTION.

Application led March 19, 1926.

In designing special trackwork such as crossing intersections of the solid cast type and especially when they are to be constructed of manganese steel or other iron or steel alloy, presenting somewhat similar difculties in casting and heat treatment, there are two main problems to be considered, namely, appropriate reinforcement to pr vent yielding or collapse of the structure under severe service conditions, and appropriate provision to prevent or minimize the formation of shrink cavities in the initial cooling of the casting and the formation of inner checks in the cooling of the casting incidental to heat treatment. Evidently there must be a compromise or joint solution of the problems for the solution of one without regard to the other is calculated to produce disastrous or at any rate decidedly unsatisfactory results.

My present invention is predicated on the joint solution and in achieving that purpose I provide a track member which structurally and by the avoidance of massive and nonuniform sections is not only capable of adequately meeting the rigors of service but simplifies the introduction of the core4 and also permits free circulation of the cooling medium in heat treatment.

The invention applied to a crossing ntersection is illustrated in the annexed draw-l ings, wherein- Figure l is a plan View of a ninety sixty degree angle type.

Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section on line 3 3 of Fig.

Fig. 4 is a section on line 4 4 of Fig. l.

Fig. 5 is a section on line 5-5 of 1.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a structure hav.- ing a range of sixty to twenty-five degrees.

Fig. 7 is a section on line 7--7 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a section on line 8--8 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 is a section on line 9-9 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 10 is a section on line 10-10 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 11 is a plan View of a structure designed for angles between twenty-five and twenty degrees.

Fig. 12 is a section on line 12-12 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a section on line 18-13 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 14 is a section on line 14-14 of Fig. 11.

Serial N0. 95,987.

Fig. 15 is a section on line 15H15 of Fig. 11.

According to my invention I provide a solid frog or crossing structure of chambered or box section below the intersection of flangeways and integrate the side walls at predetermined points, depending upon the angle of intersection, relatively remote from the neutral axis of the section. I have found by demonstration that a structure of that type will afford the ultimate in strength and eiiiciency and will ontlast any other type. In the further advancement of my inventive thought I provide for uniform increment of metal under the tread and groove over a distance that completely spans the area at and adjacent to the intersection of flangeways. I have also incorporated a solid base to the extent permitted by good foundry practice. The base, however, is necessarily interrupted at certain points to provide for holding means for the core and also to provide for proper circulation of water in heat treating. While the principle of my invention may be embodied in all usual angles of Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive illustrate the application of the invention to crossing intersections having an angle range of ninety to sixty degrees. This particular illustration is drawn to an angle of seventy-five degrees. It represents a solid casting with guard rail heads 5 and. treads 6 defining intersecting grooves or i'langeways 7. The side walls 8 have basal extensions 9 and are otherwise of such contour in section as t match the connecting rails. As thus embodied a box-like section or chamber 10 exists under the intersection of langeways.

It will be observed that the metal under the tread and groove sections is of uniform increased thickness over a distance that completely spans the area a--b at andadjacent to the intersection ofliangeways. In the past it has been the practice to make the metal under the tread` thicker than that under the groove for the reason that the tread suiliered the greater wear and a resultant decrease of thickness in service, whereas the metal under the groove remained the same thickness throughout the life of the casting.

But a variation of this kind is conducive to imperfections in the casting. The uniform increment of metal in the regions stated not only avoids such imperfections but adds strength from a structural standpoint much the same as the addition of plates to a top or bottom member of a bridge truss.

The side walls of the casting are joined or integrated at points remote from the neutral axis, but in tying them I carefully refrain from massing metal for unquestionably a bulk of metal at junction points is one of the prime causes of shrink cavities in the initial cooling of the casting and of inner checks in cooling under heat treatment. Accordingly, the integers or tying webs 11 are nnderslung, that is to say there is a well defined space or gap 12 between the top of each tying web and the head section. This feature not only is meritorious from a structural standpoint but it defeats the results of unequal sections of metal and also provides for free circulation of the cooling medium. The tying webs 11 also enable me to incorporate a base plate 13 which in fact is a continuation of them in that it is separated from the side walls of the casting by pockets or openings 14 so as to avoid varying shrinkage of unequal sections of metal. A central opening 15 accommodates the core positioning means.

Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive illustrate the invention applied to intersections having a range of sixty to twenty-five degrees. The particular structure illustrated has a forty-five degree angle.

The remaining figures cover a range of twenty-five to twenty degrees.

For small angles, say below sixty degrees, it is iinpracticable to use a base or bottom closure plate, nor is it necessary since the wheels are continuously supported over the groove as compared to the jump that occurs in crossing angles of more than sixty degrees. Hence, the tying members 16, which in other respects are, or may be, the same as for the larger angles, have flange sections or inverted T-shape bases 17.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. A crossing structure, comprising a casting having guard rail heads and treads which define intersecting grooves or flangeways, and having side walls which in contour of section match the connecting rails, the arrangement being such as to present a box-section below the intersection of flangeways, and underslung integers or tying webs connecting the side walls at points determined by the angle of intersection.

2. A crossing structure, comprising a casting having guard rail heads and treads which define' intersecting grooves or iiangeways, and having side walls which in contour of section match the connecting rails, the arrangement being such as to present a boxsection below the intersection of fian eways, and underslung integers or tying we s connecting the side walls at points determined by the angle of intersection and having base extensions.

A crossing structure, comprising a casting having guard rail heads and treads which define intersecting grooves or flangeways, and having side Walls which in contour of section match the connecting rails, the arrangement being such as to present a box section below the intersection of flangeways, and underslung integers or tying webs connecting the side walls and having base extensions which are spaced from or independent of the side walls.

4. A crossing structure, comprising a casting having guard rail heads and treads which define intersecting grooves or flangeways, and having side walls with integral reinforcements to provide a box-section below the intersection of flangeways, the metal under the tread and groove sections being of uniform increased thickness over a distance that spans the area at and adjacent to the intersection of flangeways.

5. A crossing structure, comprising a casting having guard rail heads and treads which define intersecting grooves or flangeways, and having side walls whereby a boxsection is established below the intersection of flangeways, underslung integers connecting the side walls, and a base formed by foot extensions of the integers.

6. A crossing structure, comprising a casting having guard rail heads and treads which define intersecting grooves or flangeways, and having side walls whereby a boxsection is established below the intersection of flangeways, underslung integers connecting the side walls, and a base formed b extensions of the integers and floated with respect to the side walls.

7 A crossing structure, comprising a casting having guard rail heads and treads which define intersecting grooves or flangeways, and having side walls whereby a boxsection is established below the intersection of flangeways, tying webs of such character as to clear the head section and joining the side walls at predetermined points, and a base member formed by extensions of the tying webs and spaced from the side walls and otherwise interrupted for the accommodation of core support-ing means.

8. A crossing structure of the integral shell type having intersecting treads and angeways, the metal under the treads and flangeways being uniformly thickened for a distance that completely spans the area at and adjacent the intersection.

9. A crossing structure of the integral shell type having a head section with intersecting treads and angeways, said section being thickened uniformly under the treads intersection, and inverted arches connecting the side Walls.

11. A crossing structure of the integral shell type having a head section with intersecting treads and langeways, said section being thickened uniformly under the treads and angeways for a distance that completely spans the area at and adjacent the intersection, and means integrally joining the side Walls and clearing the head section.

In testimony whereof I aiix my signature.

GEORGE R. HANKS. 

